The main symptom of cataracts is blurred vision, which may be sensitive to light, dark or yellow in color, and even diplopia (double vision) and deformation of objects. Diagnosis of cataracts is not difficult. If the above signs and symptoms are present, the diagnosis can be confirmed by a doctor through a dilated eye examination. Cataracts are sometimes accompanied by other ophthalmic diseases and may cause other complications, so you must be diagnosed and treated by an ophthalmologist. Once a cataract is diagnosed, it must be checked regularly to keep an eye on its progress. Because the mechanism of cataract formation is still unclear, so far no breakthrough has been made in drug therapy. So far, no drug has been able to cure cataracts, or completely prevent or delay the development of cataracts, and the only really effective treatment for cataracts is surgery, which removes the cataract (the cloudy lens).
Ⅰ. The method of cataract surgery
Surgery is the most effective way to treat cataracts, and thousands of cataract patients have achieved good vision through this safe and effective procedure. The cataract surgery process mainly consists of two parts:
1. Remove the cataract (cloudy lens)
2. Implantation of intraocular lens
Modern cataract surgery incorporates today's most advanced surgical equipment and sophisticated cataract surgical techniques. Modern extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation are characterized as follows:
(1) The size of the surgical incision is about 8~10mm.
(2) Raise the cloudy lens nucleus and aspirate the lens cortex.
(3) Implantation of rigid PMMA intraocular lens.
(4) Suture the surgical incision.
Ⅱ. Timing of cataract surgery and postoperative vision correction
In the past, due to the limitations of concept and medical technology, cataract patients had to wait until they were completely invisible before surgery. Now with the development of modern technology, cataract surgery has been significantly improved in both medical equipment and technology. In particular, the application of phacoemulsification technology, short operation time, small incision, less astigmatism, and good postoperative vision recovery, greatly improves the success rate and postoperative effect of cataract surgery. Therefore, when cataract affects daily life or work, cataract surgery can be decided. In addition, some patients have better vision due to work or life needs, and they can also take early surgical treatment.
Cataract surgery is to remove the cloudy lens. The lens is a high-power convex lens. Therefore, another convex lens must be used after surgery, such as wearing cataract glasses and implanting intraocular lenses to correct vision so that patients can see objects clearly. If you wear cataract glasses, due to the magnification of 25% to 30% of the object image, the field of view will become smaller; especially if only one of the eyes has undergone cataract surgery, it will cause diplopia and dizziness, which is very uncomfortable for the patient to wear, so it is rarely used at present.
An intraocular lens is an artificially designed and manufactured replacement for the lens that is implanted in the eye during cataract surgery and requires no wearing or maintenance. Intraocular lens implantation can restore the patient's vision. If there is no fundus disease and other eye diseases that affect vision, the normal vision level before cataract can almost be achieved by implanting an intraocular lens.
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